Hungary Austria - Geological Chart,1894 Antique Colour Map

HISTORICAL GEOLOGICAL MAP

Austria is a largely mountainous country due to its location in the Alps. The Central Eastern Alps, Northern Limestone Alps and Southern Limestone Alps are all partly in Austria. Of the total area of Austria (84 000 km² or 32,000 sq. mi), only about a quarter can be considered low lying, and only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft). The high mountainous Alps in the west of Austria flatten somewhat into low lands and plains in the east of the country. Austria may be divided into 5 different areas. The biggest area are the Austrian Alps, which constitute 62% of Austria's total area. The Austrian foothills at the base of the Alps and the Carpathians account for around 12% of its area. The foothills in the east and areas surrounding the periphery of the Pannoni low country amount to about 12% of the total landmass. The second greater mountain area (much lower than the Alps) is situated in the north. Known as the Austrian granite plateau, it is located in the central area of the Bohemian Mass, and accounts for 10% of Austria. The Austrian portion of the Viennese basin comprises the remaining 4%. (wikipedia) The geology of Hungary can be summarized into 3 main statements: * The ground of the basin isn’t one rigid and crystallized block of rock, but it consists of different parts with different origin and age. * The rocks of the Carpathian Basin weren’t created on their present place but were created in the Southern hemisphere and were travelling from there to their present location in millions of years. * The Zágráb-Hernád line is nothing else than a former plate margin between the African and the Eurasian plates. To the north of it, rocks of African(!) origin, while to the south of it, rocks of Eurasian(!) origin can be found. Hungary has a great diversity of rocks. The oldest surface rocks can be found in the Zemplén Mts. (about 900 million years old), but there are parts under the surface which were are dating back 1.1 billion years ago.The most important mountains made of granite were formed in the Carboniferous period of the Earth’s history. These are the Soproni Mts., the Velencei Mts. and a stripe of granite under the Alföld (lowland).In the Triassic period mainly mountains composed of limestone were formed. We can see large limestone and dolomite surfaces in the Dunántúli-középhegység, parts of the Mecsek Mountains, the Villányi Mts. and the Bükk Mts.Limestone of economic importance can be found in the Bakony Mts. and in the Gerecse Mts.. It was deposited in the Jurassic period.There is a volcanic chain under the sediment of the Alföld, which is the remain of strong geological activities in the area during the formation of the European members of the Eurasian mountain system. These volcanoes are about 130 million years old.During the Miocene period the mountains of the Carpathians were rising, while the Carpathian Basin was sinking. On the margin of these two different regions, strong volcanic activity began, which resulted in the formation of a ring of volcanoes in the Carpathian Mts., stretching from the Visegrád Mts. to Hargita (Transylvania). The post-volcanic activities of this period caused the hydrothermal ore-production (copper, led, zinc) of the Börzsöny, Mátra and Zempléni Mts

1890s Wood Engraving, Antique Map

Approximate Overall Size: 12 X 9 1/2 inches

CONDITION: Book Plate Map - Excellent Condition.Folded. As Scanned. German Text. Beautiful with excellent detail. Blank on the back