ALEXANDRIA AND ABOUKIR,Abu- Qi-r,...

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Vintage-Views Antique Prints and Maps :: Antique Maps :: Africa :: Northeast Africa :: Elisee Reclus Geographical Maps of North East Africa :: ALEXANDRIA AND ABOUKIR,Abu- Qi-r, Abukir , Mediterranean coast of Egypt, Iskandariyyah is the chief seaport in Egypt

ALEXANDRIA AND ABOUKIR,Abu- Qi-r, Abukir , Mediterranean coast of Egypt, Iskandariyyah is the chief seaport in Egypt

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Abu- Qi-r (also Abukir or Aboukir) is a village on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, 23 kilometers (14.5 miles) northeast of Alexandria by rail, containing a castle used as a state prison by Muhammad Ali of Egypt. The name Abu- Qi-r is pronounced Abu-’i-r in the local dialect (with a glottal stop in place of the qaf). Near the village are many remains of ancient buildings, Egyptian, Greek and Roman. About three kilometers (two miles) southeast of the village are ruins supposed to mark the site of Canopus. A little farther east the Canopic branch of the Nile (now dry) entered the Mediterranean. Stretching eastward as far as the Rosetta mouth of the Nile is the spacious Abu Qir Bay (Khali-j Abu- Qi-r), where on 1 August 1798, Horatio Nelson fought the Battle of the Nile, often referred to as the "Battle of Aboukir Bay". The latter title is applied more properly to an engagement between the French expeditionary army and the Turks fought on 25 July 1799. Near Abu- Qi-r, on 8 March 1801, the British army commanded by Sir Ralph Abercromby landed from its transports in the face of a strenuous opposition from a French force entrenched on the beach. ALEXANDRIA - Located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, Alexandria (in Arabic, Iskandariyyah) is the chief seaport in Egypt, and that country's second largest city, and the capital of the Al Iskandariyah governate. It is located at 31°12? N 29°15? E, 208 km (129 miles) northwest of Cairo. The Canopic mouth of the Nile (now dry) was 19 km (12 miles) east, near the ancient city of Canopus. It was named after its founder, Alexander the Great, and as the seat of the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt quickly became one of the greatest cities of the Hellenistic world second only to Rome in size and wealth throughout much of antiquity. However, upon the founding of Cairo by Egypt's mediæval Islamic rulers its status as the country's capital was ended, and it fell into a long decline, which by the late Ottoman period had seen it reduced to little more than a small fishing village.

Published for Elisee Reclus Universal Geography

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